Criminal Justice Reform in Massachusetts

A Five-Year Progress Assessment

Key Takeaways

  • Five years since Massachusetts passed landmark criminal justice reform legislation, the state’s incarceration rate is the lowest in the country and another order of magnitude below the US average
  • Preparing a master plan to highlight lingering issues, committing more deeply to evaluation, and increasing continuing care treatment capacity would build on past investments in recidivism reduction and crime prevention

Produced in partnership with Boston Indicators, this report is the first systematic look at the impact of two landmark criminal justice reform laws passed in 2018.

While the COVID-19 pandemic and data quality issues complicate the analysis, the report presents strong suggestive evidence that these laws led to significant reductions in incarceration without undermining public safety. However, the data also point to various ways in which the work is incomplete. Racial disparities remain large and continue to grow wider in some areas. The state is still building behavioral health treatment capacity. And new investments in crime prevention and community economic development have not been sufficient to eliminate pockets of violence that continue to harm many urban communities. The report concludes with recommendations for how Massachusetts can build on success to counter these stubborn challenges.